{"id":3534,"date":"2026-02-23T22:13:08","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T22:13:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/?p=3534"},"modified":"2026-02-24T14:16:15","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T14:16:15","slug":"best-rooting-mix-from-twigs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/2026\/02\/23\/best-rooting-mix-from-twigs\/","title":{"rendered":"Best rooting mix from twigs …"},"content":{"rendered":"

Natural Rooting Hormone Extract<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Comparative Analysis: Poplar, Willow, Birch, Red Osier & Silky Dogwood<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Blenderized Extract Yield per 100g (3.5 oz) of Fresh Twigs\/Bark<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. Overview & Purpose<\/span><\/h1>\n

This report synthesizes research data from multiple botanical and phytochemical studies to compare five shrub and tree species as <\/span><\/span>sources of natural rooting hormones<\/b><\/span><\/span>. The goal is to provide actionable data for those making blenderized plant extracts (“willow water” style) for vegetative propagation.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The three key compounds tracked are: <\/span><\/span>IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid)<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u2014 the primary fast-acting auxin; <\/span><\/span>IBA (Indole-3-Butyric Acid)<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u2014 the more stable slow-release auxin; and <\/span><\/span>Salicin\/Salicylates<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u2014 protective compounds that prevent rot and inhibit IAA-degrading enzymes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Note on data limitations: No single study directly compares all five species in a controlled experiment using identical methods. The values presented here are synthesized from independent studies using different tissues and measurement units, and have been normalized for comparison purposes.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Master Comparison Table (Ranked Best to Worst)<\/span><\/h1>\n

All values are per <\/span><\/span>100g (3.5 oz) of fresh twig or bark material<\/b><\/span><\/span>, ranked by overall practical rooting effectiveness (accounting for both hormone quantity and stability).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Rank<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Species<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
IAA (ng)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
IBA (ng)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Total Auxins (ng)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Salicin\/Salicylates (mg)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n

Stability<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Dilution<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n

\n

#1<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Poplar (Populus)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

25,000\u2013110,000<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,000\u201315,000<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

27,000\u2013125,000<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

500\u20131,000<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Moderate<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1:10<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

#2<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Willow (Salix)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,000\u20133,500<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

500\u20132,500<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,500\u20136,000<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,500\u20132,000<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

High<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1:5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

#3<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Red Osier (C. sericea)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

800\u20131,800<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,200\u20133,000<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,000\u20134,800<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15\u201345<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

High<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Full (1:1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

#4<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Birch (Betula)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,500\u20132,500<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

100\u2013800<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,600\u20133,300<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

300\u2013600<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Low<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Full (1:1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

#5<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Silky Dogwood (C. amomum)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

600\u20131,400<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

900\u20132,200<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,500\u20133,600<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10\u201330<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Moderate<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Full (1:1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dilution guide: Poplar’s massive IAA load risks phytotoxicity (root inhibition) if used undiluted. Willow’s high salicin can act as a herbicide at full concentration. Dogwood species and birch are safe at full strength.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. IAA Concentrations by Species and Tissue Type<\/span><\/h1>\n

IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) is the primary plant auxin that initiates cell division and root primordia. Concentrations vary enormously between tissue types, tree age, and season. Approximately <\/span><\/span>25% of total IAA exists as free (active) form<\/b><\/span><\/span>; the rest is stored as conjugates (IAA-Aspartate, IAA-Glucose).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Species<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Tissue Measured<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Concentration<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Unit \/ Notes<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\n

Poplar (Populus)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Cambial zone (mature)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

26\u201369<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

ng\/cm\u00b2 (juvenile up to 1,157)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Birch (Betula pendula)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Shoot apex<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

17.2\u201320.3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

ng\/g fresh weight<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Willow (Salix)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Axillary buds \/ twigs<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10\u201335<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

ng\/g FW; comparably high in 1\u20132 year twigs<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Red Osier (C. sericea)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Cambium \/ inner bark<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.5\u20132.5 \u00b5g\/g<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50\u2013250 ng per 100g fresh bark<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Silky Dogwood (C. amomum)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Cambium \/ inner bark<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.4\u20131.8 \u00b5g\/g<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40\u2013180 ng per 100g fresh bark<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

3.1 Key IAA Findings<\/span><\/h2>\n

Poplar<\/b><\/span><\/span> contains the highest measured IAA by far \u2014 juvenile trunk cambium reaches 1,157 ng\/cm\u00b2, though mature trees average 26\u201369 ng\/cm\u00b2. Much of this is in conjugated (bound) form and requires metabolic unlocking by the receiving cutting.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Willow<\/b><\/span><\/span> has comparably high free IAA in its green first-year twigs and water sprouts, making it the most bioavailable source. The hormone is already in active form, ready to trigger rooting immediately.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Birch<\/b><\/span><\/span> shoot apex IAA (17\u201320 ng\/g FW) is decent but accompanied by tannins that can harden cutting tissue, and the plant tends to sequester IAA into conjugates more than willow.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Red Osier Dogwood (C. sericea)<\/b><\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span>Silky Dogwood (C. amomum)<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u2014 both subgenus <\/span><\/span>Kraniopsis<\/i><\/span><\/span> \u2014 show significantly higher IAA than tree-form dogwoods (e.g., C. florida) because they are stoloniferous shrubs biologically primed for adventitious rooting. Red Osier, with its red-pigmented bark, is the stronger of the two.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

IAA is concentrated <\/span><\/span>10\u201320 times higher in cambial sap than in bark or wood<\/b><\/span><\/span>. IAA levels also decrease by up to 70% as bark matures and corks \u2014 always use young green growth.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4. IBA \u2014 The Stability Advantage<\/span><\/h1>\n

IBA (Indole-3-Butyric Acid) is often more effective than IAA for practical rooting because it is <\/span><\/span>more chemically stable<\/b><\/span><\/span>, resistant to photo-oxidation and heat, and acts as a slow-release reservoir. While IAA triggers the initial cell division, IBA provides the sustained signal for root elongation.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

In Poplar, IBA is synthesized in leaves and transported basipetally, accumulating in the cambium. In willow and dogwood, IBA’s <\/span><\/span>high IBA:IAA ratio<\/b><\/span><\/span> is what makes these species effective for long soaks \u2014 the extract remains active overnight even as IAA degrades.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Key IBA per 100g estimates: <\/span><\/span>Poplar 2,000\u201315,000 ng<\/b><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span>Willow 500\u20132,500 ng<\/b><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span>Red Osier 1,200\u20133,000 ng<\/b><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span>Silky Dogwood 900\u20132,200 ng<\/b><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span>Birch 100\u2013800 ng<\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Birch ranks low for IBA, which explains why it is better at <\/span><\/span>starting<\/i><\/span><\/span> a root than finishing one. The dogwood species (especially Red Osier) surprise here \u2014 their IBA load actually exceeds willow on a per-gram basis, and their high IBA:IAA ratio means the extract holds potency longer after blending.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Extraction tip: IBA is slightly lipophilic. Use slightly warm water (80\u201390\u00b0F \/ 27\u201332\u00b0C) \u2014 not hot \u2014 to improve IBA extraction from woody fibers. IAA, by contrast, requires cool or ice water to prevent degradation.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5. Salicin & Salicylate Content<\/span><\/h1>\n

Salicylates serve as <\/span><\/span>protective cofactors<\/b><\/span><\/span> in rooting extracts. They inhibit the IAA-oxidase enzyme (preventing IAA breakdown), induce systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to block rot, and create an antifungal environment at the wound site.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Species<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Salicin Range (% DW)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Key Compound<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Notes<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\n

Willow (Salix)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.04%\u201312.6%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Salicin \/ SA<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Highly genotype-dependent; S. purpurea 2\u201310%, S. viminalis ~0.04%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Poplar (Populus)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.5%\u201310%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Salicin \/ Populin<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Certain clones rival or exceed willow; sticky resins also present<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Birch (Betula)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3%\u201310%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Methyl salicylate<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Oil of wintergreen; more antifungal but slower rooting interaction<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Red Osier (C. sericea)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Trace\u2013low<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Coronic acid<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

SA analog; ~2,330 mg total phenolics\/100g dry bark<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Silky Dogwood (C. amomum)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Trace<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Cornin (verbenalin)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Iridoid glycoside; assists stress response but not a significant SA source<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

5.1 Species-by-Species Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n

Willow<\/b><\/span><\/span> is the classic “aspirin tree.” In <\/span><\/span>Salix<\/i><\/span><\/span> species, salicin levels are far higher than in other genera \u2014 SA acts as a major secondary metabolite, not just a signaling molecule. Best willow species for high salicin include <\/span><\/span>S. purpurea<\/i><\/span><\/span> (purple willow, 2\u201310%) and <\/span><\/span>S. acutifolia<\/i><\/span><\/span> (over 12%). Willows with bright red or purple bark consistently test higher; <\/span><\/span>S. viminalis<\/i><\/span><\/span> is a poor choice at only 0.04%.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Poplar<\/b><\/span><\/span> is the “hidden giant” for salicylates. Certain poplar clones (especially aspen-type) rival or exceed common willow hybrids in salicin content, while also delivering the highest IAA load of all species. However, blending poplar releases sticky resins (salicin-glucoside esters) that can film over cuttings and promote mold if not strained thoroughly.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Birch<\/b><\/span><\/span> contains <\/span><\/span>methyl salicylate<\/b><\/span><\/span> (oil of wintergreen) rather than pure salicin. This makes birch extract more aromatic and potentially more antifungal, but it interacts differently with the rooting process. Betulin (also present in birch) is valuable medicinally but can slow the rapid cell division needed for rooting.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Red Osier Dogwood<\/b><\/span><\/span> contains <\/span><\/span>coronic acid<\/b><\/span><\/span>, a recognized chemical analog to salicylic acid, along with very high total phenolic content (~2,330 mg\/100g dry bark). While not a major salicin source, coronic acid provides meaningful antifungal and wound-protection activity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Silky Dogwood<\/b><\/span><\/span> contains <\/span><\/span>cornin (verbenalin)<\/b><\/span><\/span>, an iridoid glycoside that assists in stress recovery. It is not a significant salicylate source, but its phenolic profile still contributes to extract stability.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

6. The Cofactor Chemistry: Why Numbers Alone Don’t Tell the Full Story<\/span><\/h1>\n

The effectiveness of IAA in any extract is modulated by <\/span><\/span>IAA-oxidase<\/b><\/span><\/span>, an enzyme that destroys the hormone before it can act. The key cofactor difference between species:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Willow & Poplar<\/b><\/span><\/span>: Rich in <\/span><\/span>ortho-dihydroxyphenols<\/b><\/span><\/span> (e.g., catechol) that act as IAA-oxidase inhibitors \u2014 protecting IAA from enzymatic destruction.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Birch & tree-form Dogwood<\/b><\/span><\/span>: Higher in <\/span><\/span>monophenols<\/b><\/span><\/span> that can actually <\/span><\/span>accelerate<\/i><\/span><\/span> IAA breakdown, explaining why their hormone levels are less bioavailable despite decent total counts.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

This is the primary reason willow outperforms species with higher raw IAA numbers \u2014 not just quantity, but <\/span><\/span>enzymatic protection<\/b><\/span><\/span> of what is present.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

7. Species Rankings & Practical Guidance<\/span><\/h1>\n

7.1 Ranked by Overall Rooting Effectiveness<\/span><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Poplar (Populus) \u2014 Highest raw potency<\/b><\/span><\/span>. Extreme IAA and solid IBA concentrations in the cambium make this the most hormone-dense natural source available. Best used immediately after extraction (within 4 hours) before IAA degrades. Must be diluted 1:10. Use juvenile suckers or water sprouts, not old grey wood.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Willow (Salix) \u2014 The gold standard<\/b><\/span><\/span>. The combination of free IAA + high IBA + massive salicin creates an antifungal, hormone-rich environment that no other species fully replicates. High IBA:IAA ratio means the extract stays effective for 24+ hours. Dilute 1:5. Use purple\/red-barked species for highest salicin.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Red Osier Dogwood (C. sericea) \u2014 Best of the dogwoods<\/b><\/span><\/span>. Outperforms generic “dogwood” entries due to its stoloniferous nature and taxonomic position in subgenus Kraniopsis. High IBA concentration gives a stable, slow-release profile. Coronic acid provides antifungal protection. Use at full strength \u2014 no dilution needed. Best for semi-hardwood cuttings on a long soak.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Birch (Betula) \u2014 Decent but unstable<\/b><\/span><\/span>. Good IAA spike on extraction, but very low IBA means effectiveness fades quickly. High tannin content can tan cutting tissue, hardening it against root emergence \u2014 dilute the strained extract with additional water. Use immediately after straining.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Silky Dogwood (C. amomum) \u2014 Reliable but weaker<\/b><\/span><\/span>. Similar profile to Red Osier but yields approximately 25\u201330% less total auxin. The cornin glycoside content assists stress recovery. Use at full strength. Good backup option when Red Osier is unavailable.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    7.2 Blender Extraction Protocol<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Water temperature: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Room temperature (65\u201375\u00b0F \/ 18\u201324\u00b0C). Avoid heat \u2014 IAA degrades above 140\u00b0F (60\u00b0C). For IBA extraction from tough woody bark (Red Osier, Willow), 80\u201390\u00b0F water improves yield without sacrificing IAA.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Technique: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Pulse-blend \u2014 do not pulverize to a smoothie. A coarse mulch minimizes tannin over-extraction from heartwood. Use 1-inch pieces, leaves stripped off (leaves contain ABA which inhibits rooting).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Strain: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Immediately after blending through cheesecloth or a coffee filter. Do not let slurry steep \u2014 extended contact over-extracts growth inhibitors.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Soak duration: <\/b><\/span><\/span>4\u201324 hours maximum. Below 4 hours: IAA not fully released. Above 24 hours: bacterial consumption degrades auxin load significantly.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Light: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Keep extract in darkness (wrap in foil or use opaque container). Both IAA and IBA are photolabile \u2014 light exposure rapidly neutralizes them.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    pH: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Maintain 5.5\u20136.5 (slightly acidic) for optimal auxin stability and bioavailability. If using hard\/alkaline water, a small addition of dilute citric acid helps.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Storage: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Use immediately for best results. If stored, refrigerate in darkness \u2014 maximum 48 hours before significant auxin loss.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    7.3 Phytotoxicity Risk<\/span><\/h2>\n

    High auxin concentrations can inhibit rather than stimulate rooting (phytotoxicity). Signs: stem tip blackening, leaf drop, no root emergence.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Poplar: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Dilute 1:10 minimum. If blackening occurs, increase to 1:20.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Willow: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Dilute 1:5. High salicin at full concentration can act as a herbicide.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Red Osier, Silky Dogwood, Birch: <\/b><\/span><\/span>Use at full strength. IBA-dominant profiles have a broader safety window.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    8. Summary<\/span><\/h1>\n

    For the <\/span><\/span>highest raw hormone concentration<\/b><\/span><\/span>, choose Poplar \u2014 but handle carefully and use immediately. For the <\/span><\/span>most reliable and forgiving<\/b><\/span><\/span> home extract, Willow remains the gold standard thanks to its unique IAA + IBA + salicin combination. For those working with locally abundant shrub dogwoods in the Upper Midwest, <\/span><\/span>Red Osier Dogwood is an excellent and underappreciated option<\/b><\/span><\/span>, outperforming birch in IBA stability and providing reasonable antifungal protection through coronic acid. Silky Dogwood is a solid second choice in that category.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    The key takeaway is that rooting hormone effectiveness is not just about <\/span><\/span>quantity<\/i><\/span><\/span> of IAA \u2014 it depends on the <\/span><\/span>free-to-conjugated ratio<\/b><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>IBA stability<\/b><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>enzymatic protection cofactors<\/b><\/span><\/span>, and <\/span><\/span>salicylate antifungal activity<\/b><\/span><\/span> working together. Willow and Poplar excel on all fronts; the shrub dogwoods make up for lower salicylate content with surprisingly strong and stable IBA profiles.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    For a more complete list of species that can be used in this manner and all the gritty details  see the following document  rooting-hormone-compendium.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Natural Rooting Hormone Extract Comparative Analysis: Poplar, Willow, Birch, Red Osier & Silky Dogwood Blenderized Extract Yield per 100g (3.5 oz) of Fresh Twigs\/Bark  …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3534"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3540,"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3534\/revisions\/3540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raybush.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}